Legerdemain of the Dark Knight IV - Coin Tricks and Cartomancy

"- but his face deep scars of thunder had entrenched-"
-John Milton describing Lucifer in Paradise Lost

This article is a continuation of the Legerdemain series and benefits from reading the previous three installments. You might also want to read Bat Time, Bat Channel and This Joke Isn't Funny parts 1 and 2.  It has been five years since The Dark Knight was released, so I have no qualms about spoiling this movie.  It's not a synopsis anyway, but still, if you haven't seen The Dark Knight then you really have missed one of the greatest achievements of film making and performance of , well, of all time really.  Go watch it right now.  If you have already seen it, you probably should see it again.

I could talk about this movie forever and I probably will be.  It is deep and it is great and there is much, much for consideration here.  Seriously, fantasy film is the art form of the masses of the early 21st century, and there are few works that achieve these heights.  I called Batman Begins "Batman Sublime," and The Dark Knight Rises is excellent as well.  But The Dark Knight?  This is a different animal altogether.  If those other films are angels in the form of films, The Dark Knight is an archangel.  One with deep scars of thunder.  Let's take a look at some of what lies beneath the top level of this particular magic trick.

The Dark Knight is about duality, hoax building, initiatory process, sovereignty personification, and more than anything, sacrifice, on many, many levels.  This promotional piece featuring the three main figures quite overtly broadcasts an occult manifesto.  Totemic items are displayed obscuring one eye.  Odin, the Norse equivalent of Thoth/Mercury/Hermes, sacrificed an eye for a drink from the well of knowledge.  Horus, the avenging, solar messiah of ancient Egypt, lost his left eye in battle with Set.  When his eye was later restored he sacrificed it again in hopes of restoring Osiris to life.  You might be thinking now that these characters are covering their right eyes, and that's true, if we are a spectator looking them in the face.  But might we be being cast in a reflective position (correcting, of course, the lettering on the pin and card)?  That would be a more interesting view point for these psychological portraits after all.  Note how this image equivilates these three rather than differentiates.

That there is a sacrificial theme to this story is inherent in the title alone.  The Knight is a very common motif representing a transformative ordeal, a quest, that leads towards a perfected state.  Just think of the Knights questing for the Holy Grail.  It hardly needs explaining then that the Knight partaking in this quest represents the initiate.  A Dark Knight symbolizes expiation and sacrifice, tribulations of sin and periods of obscurity on the path towards heightened consciousness or a higher level of being.  This is an important concept to keep in mind.  The White Knight, by contrast, stands for purity and illumination.  The White Knight is the "Chosen One."  Harvey Dent is presented and even described in the film as a "White Knight" as opposed to Batman's Dark Knight.  But, huh, which of the major figures of this movie is overtly white?  One of Heath Ledger's early major roles was in the 2001 film A Knight's Tale.  The strangely anachronistic  A Knight's Tale is overtly initiatory.  It is also about the perpetuation of a hoax, as Ledger's character is a commoner masquerading as a noble.

Yes, the real star of The Dark Knight is Heath Ledger's Joker.  It is very interesting to see how much charisma this villain of villains exudes, especially in comparison to Bale's Batman.  Don't get me wrong.  Bale produces charisma on command at the necessary story beats.  Certainly the lack of personality is a storytelling, character-driven choice, representing the insular nature of an armored, hoax perpetuator operating as a living symbol.   At any rate, the Joker steals the show.  It's kind of what he does.

The movie begins with a brazen bank heist orchestrated by the Joker.  And its done so with very deliberately utilized masks, which of course, as a Batman film, is a major symbolic item.  A mask in a visual work represents illusion and concealment, key components to magic tricks and sleights of hand.  It also stands for transformation, being equivalent to the chrysalis, and it confers a magical character.  Of course metaphorical masks are necessary for the performance of con-jobs and hoaxes.  The use of masks in plays evolved from activities of the ancient Dionysian Mysteries.  This led to their use in sacred plays as representing the supernatural forces of deities and the inner psychology of characters normally hidden.  And they still do.  The origins of theater seem to stem from the worship of Dionysus.  There's a long but direct stream (an Underground Stream) through history to every item of contemporary popular culture.  Just think of how important the Mask is to the comic book hero, particularly the Batman.  This is a Dionysian device.  These works, whether they know it or not, are an expression of his Mystery.

And these masks are clowns because this is a Joker operation.  The Joker is a clown.  The Clown is the equivalent of the Fool, and of course the modern playing card Joker is the equivalent of the Tarot trump The Fool.  The Fool is the initiate's card, the status of the seeker at the onset of his/her process of enlightenment.  The Fool is the Ain Soph of the Kabbala, the unknowable, primary cause.  The Clown/Fool is the opposite of the King (keeping in mind that Batman is the self-described King of Clubs).  The King represents order and the Fool represents chaos, and this is very apparent in the presentation of these characters.  This is the essential duality of this story, and one represented in many ways throughout the film.  The Clown/Fool is also emblematic of unregenerate man, and this is an aspect certainly readable in this presentation of the Joker.  Most importantly, the Fool is a symbol of sacrifice.  In past cultures where the sovereignty of the king was felt to have direct correlation to the fecundity of the land, there were times when it was deemed necessary to sacrifice him for the common good.  Kings don't like to be sacrificed, of course, and a system developed wherein the lowest member of the court was substituted.  Or so the mechanism is described.  Heath Ledger's first listed role on Wikipedia is a 1991 Australian film called Clowning Around.

It is not overtly presented in the film but reading the Nolan brothers' script for The Dark Knight reveals an interesting aspect of the bank heist.  The assumed identities of these hired criminals, obviously strangers to one another in the manner of Resevoir Dogs, are Bozo (that's the Joker seen above), Chuckles, the unnamed bus driver, and then Dopey, Grumpy and Happy.  The use of the Disney dwarf names might seem a simple throw away, but it is suggestive of a system of seven.  Seven is a complete cycle, the days of the week and the days of Creation, both of which derive from the seven observable planets in a geocentric model.

But wait.  There's only six actual robbers involved. Yes and no.  The robbers don't realize that Bozo is the Joker.  They talk about the Joker as the mastermind of the operation and as an additional share.  So an alter-ego, a duality, a hoax, a trick, creates the extra figure.  The bus driver is unnamed and unseen, and so he must be Bashful.  The brains of the outfit, the obvious leader?  That sounds like Doc.

Here is Doc Joker teaching the mob-tied, criminal bank manager a lesson.  Note the checkerboard floor.  The Nolan films are rife with this symbol of initiatory process (I discuss checkerboard symbolism to great extent in Illuminating Harry Potter I: Romancing the Stone amongst other articles).  Put simply, it is the interplay of dualities, positive and negative, night and day, solar and lunar, male and female.  The tensions of these polarities controls the inherent irrationality by placing it within a strict, governed order.  We see these interplays throughout this movie in many different forms, obvious and covert.  The actual bi-colored grid is in place at very key moments that I will point out as this article progresses.  They are all directly related to initiatory steps enacted by the Joker.  This bank heist, the first step in the Joker's elaborate, criminal act of performance magic, is stage one.  The subject is Gotham City.  Note that the Harlequin, which is the exact equal of the Clown and the Fool, is traditionally garbed in a checker-pattern.

Is a Tarot analogy a stretch?  Even if it weren't deliberate, a perceived symbolic content carries meaning even without the author's intent.  This is one of the major themes of this blog.  In this case I am certain the Tarot is being utilized quite purposefully as the story tellers tip their hat to this fact at the end of the scene (and far more overtly further on).  The Joker makes a clean get away driving a bus marked "District 22."  There are 22 Tarot trump cards.  At the outset The Dark Knight is slyly declared as a work of cartomancy.

Let's talk a little bit about cards.  The above still is a shot of the hundreds of Joker cards that litter the street after he blows up the judge's car.  Note the geometric circles and triangles on the card to your far left.  Without being able to specifically identify it, it looks like alchemical or Rosicrucian diagrams.  The kind of thing you might find in a Manly P. Hall book.  Hall was a genius of card (symbolism) tricks.  Hall points out that in the two color scheme of cards we again find our dualistic patterning.  There are thirteen cards of each suit which represent the thirteen lunar months of the year.  That the 52 cards equal 52 weeks is easy enough to see.  If you count the Jacks, Queens and Kings as 11, 12 and 13 then all the pips equal 364.  If you add the Joker you get 365.  The twelve court cards stand for the zodiac, which is always about time and timing.  Timing is key to magic.  Note how integral proper timing is to every major action enacted by the Joker throughout this film.  This magician characteristic is not hidden.

 
Ta da!  The disappearing pencil trick.  The Joker is very much presented as a Magician in this film.  And Batman has already been presented as a Magician.  They are hoax builders at war.  This is the same central core as The Prestige. A striking example of the importance of timing in Batman's actions occurs in his first scene in this film, when he jumps down the spiral ramp of the parking garage onto the roof of a moving van. 

 

Let's take a moment to consider some of the connotations of the Bat.  As a double-natured entity, as a mouse/bird, the Bat's alchemical symbolism is related to that of the androgyne. It's the Two-in-One, a duality personified.  In many cultures the Bat has stood for Vigilance, and that's fully appropriate here.  More commonly it represents superstition, fear, death and madness, something Francisco (that's fun to say, Francisco) Goya certainly understood.

The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters, Francisco Goya, c. 1799.

Which in its way depicts the essential plot of this film and the next one.  Bruce Wayne's dream of bringing rational order to Gotham results in a costumed psychopath arms race.  The full epigraph for this etching is really perfect: "Fantasy abandoned by reason produces impossible monsters: united with her, she is the mother of the arts and the origin of their marvels."  Testify Francisco.

The parking garage scene features a reappearance of Cillian Murphy's Scarecrow, a figure that is both Dionysiac and sacrificial (usually by fire, an important symbol set we'll return to).

When criminally operative the Scarecrow appears masked.  I'm certain Dr. Crane, in this version of the character, could talk all about the psychological symbolism of the Mask.  Jungian archetypes, you know?  

Once defeated his mask is removed.  Unmasking is is an integral aspect of this story, the undoing of all the symbolic connotations described above.  Unmasking is an unveiling, the exposure of the hoax, the undoing of the opponent's magic spells.  This still also shows the most prominent of the false Batmans that appear in this scene.  Duplicates, doubles, false figures.  Think about The Prestige.

And about how these duplicate figures need to get sacrificed in magic acts.  We'll talk about the significance of the Hanged Man later.  Note how the Joker and Batman are combined here, the synthesis of opposites.

The hoaxing nature of the Batman is alluded to in the Gotham police department's joking bulletin board of Batman suspects.  Besides Elvis we see Bigfoot and Lincoln, all figures attached to hoaxes and conspiracies. Note the silver grid work.  We'll see this motif more prominently elsewhere. 

Speaking of grid work, the second example of the initiatory checkerboard pattern associated with the Joker's activities occurs when he pretends to be dead in order to get to Gambol.  The floor and the walls are all checkered.  You can see it better in the video then in any still I can find.  This Rising From the Dead scene is of course a major initiatory rite symbol, and one particularly tied to Dionysiac Mysteries.  Here we also have the first of the Joker's explanations for his Glasgow Smile, which is an aspect of his hoax building.  The scene ends with the Joker forcing Gambol's thugs to fight to the death for a position in the Joker's gang, emphasizing the sacrifice theme.  Also note how this is just one of the false deaths/rebirths in this film as James Gordon later fakes his own death to get the drop on the Joker.  What occurs after Gordon's "rebirth?"  He achieves a higher rank/reaches a more elevated position as he is named the new police commissioner of Gotham City.

 

The primary poster for The Dark Knight combines two of the major symbolic devices of the film, those of Fire and the Tower.  Together they formulate a very clear depiction of Tarot Trump sixteen, the Tower Struck by Lightning, aka Le Feu du Ciel/The Fire of Heaven.  Seriously, if there were a Tarot deck combining popular super  heroes with modern day terror anxieties, this would be card sixteen.  Batman is positioned directly before the tower, like a column, repeating its format, identifying him with the structure of the city.  This is fully appropriate as the Tower of Trump sixteen is representative of  the human form.  The enigma of the Tower card relates to the fall of man and the devastating consequence of over confidence.  This happens to describe the Joker's objectives in this film.  "Welcome To A World Without Rules" is essentially a reading of the aftermath of Trump sixteen's symbolism.

The Tower is also quite overtly used as a symbol of Bruce Wayne/Batman in this movie.  His mansion having been destroyed by Ras al Ghul in Batman Begins, Batman is operating out of the tower of his corporate headquarters.  There's an implied movement here between the films from the maternal cave to the paternal tower (and back again in the third film).  The Cave is primordial shelter, and as an easy to read womb symbol representative of birth/rebirth.  It is emblematic of the unconscious mind and associated in many legends with gods and heroes.  The Tower is about ascent and vigilance, as well as the aristocratic nature Batman can never remove himself from, as it looms above the common level.  While it is overtly phallic it is yet another item of combined duality.  The protective nature of the Tower is a feminine quality, associating it with the Virgin.  This is seen in many stories and legends.  Just think about Rapunzel.

Here we see Bruce Wayne within a cave within his Tower.  The complex encasement of his costume is intriguing.  The arms of the Knight stand for symbolic potentialities.  There is an article unto itself in examining the symbolic significance in the equipment of Batman and the Joker.  But I include this still to display the striking ceiling used for Batman's secret headquarters.  Notice we again have a single-tone grid in place associated with Batman.  Its illuminated, as the grid on the police bulletin board is light reflective.  So this is a system, a grid work, implying activity and development, but its not dualistic in these instances.  Batman's essential initiation took place in Batman Begins.  He's acts in this movie from a more elevated status, with a level of enlightenment.  Note his desire to move up, and out, from this level and unite with Rachel Dawes, leaving it to Harvey Dent.   

 

And another luminescent grid work associated with Batman/Bruce Wayne.  This one is crafted by Lucius Fox (the light-bringing Promethean) and confers upon Batman a heightened sensory awareness of his city, confirming his role of sovereignty figure.  This is truly what Batman and the Joker are fighting for in this story.  Harvey Dent as well.

Here's another prominent combination of the Tower and Fire from the scene where the Joker demonstrates that his objectives are in no way material.  If I had to choose one symbolic device that was most relevant to The Dark Knight it would have to be Fire.  The first words of the Nolans' script are "Burning.  Massive Flames".  Interestingly the fire we see as the film opens are blue.  I used to keep a catalog of blue entities from popular culture here.  I did not bring that back with the resurrection of this blog, but the color Blue has a great deal of important connotations.  Blue represents the intellect and divinity (the latter the primary reason for all those blue people).  It is an attribute of Jupiter and Juno, and many other Sky Gods.  As a color used in the visual arts it is very functional as a visible darkness.  And while in ancient Egypt the color Blue represented Truth, it simultaneously represents Mystery and Deception.  The synthesis of opposites occurs here on many levels.

Fire is Divine Energy.  It is spiritual passion, purification, revelation, regeneration.  It is the medium for conveying messages to the heavens.  It is (again) dual natured, divine and demonic, creative and destructive, intellectual and emotional. It is a device of ritual sacrifice and a common means of Christian martyrdom.  It is the central element of alchemy.  Fire is traditionally associated with Trickster Gods like Prometheus and Loki. Let me underline here how this version of the Joker and Loki are the same figure.  There are many articles at this site delineating Promethean characters.  The Joker and Loki are in that camp, retrograde.

According to Gaston Bachelard's Psychoanalysis of Fire, it is "-the archetypal image of phenomena in themselves".  That's a bit of a hard concept to parse,  but the basic idea is that experiential existence is like the visible and tactile energy of something burning.  I'm still thinking about that one.  Existence is a kind of release of energies.  Think about the origins of the universe starting with a big explosion. 

Even more on target than Loki or Prometheus is the association  with Lucifer, as I suggest with the Milton quote at the top of the page.  Hall recounts a story told by 18th century alchemy scholar Georgius von Welling that the material universe was created accidentally by Lucifer's misuse of the Schamayim, the Divine Fire.  Here's the most prominent Joker card utilized in the film to hammer home this association.

These cards are deployed to the potential victims of the Joker's triple murder plot.  The judge is killed by fire.  Fire in this context is about the Luciferian desire to annihilate time and bring all things to the end. This is what is meant by the key line of dialog for this film, when Alfred, speaking on how Wayne doesn't fully understand the Joker, states "Some men just want to watch the world burn".

It is by Fire that Rachel Dawes is murdered (sacrificed) and  Harvey Dent is turned into Two Face.  Note the floor Harvey's face is lying upon as it is half submerged in gasoline.

Here's Two-Face.  All this talk of duality and combined dualities?  That's overtly inherent in every iteration of this character.  I talk in Illuminating Harry Potter about the Roman god Janus (when discussing Prof. Quirrell and Voldemort).  Here he is again.  Janus is the god of thresholds and beginnings, exits and endings.  He is representative of acts of inversion and mutual sacrifice.  He is the transmitter of the knowledge of the law and of agriculture (that's sowing and reaping).

And when the Joker sets Two-Face, his initiate, loose on the city?  There's fire.  And there's a checkerboard.  And this vital stage of initiation involves a cross-dressing Joker, a synthesis of Randall Patrick McMurphy and Nurse Ratched, the union of opposites.  The androgyne or hermaphrodite is symbolically alchemy's coincidentia oppositorum, the incarnation of the Great Work.  It is the same meaning as a head with two faces, interestingly enough.  For this reason the androgyne is a common figure for conducting an initiation ceremony.  Now take a look at the very first image of this article and note the hexagon pattern of the Joker's shirt.  A hexagon is a six sided figure.  Six represents unity and equilibrium.  Why?  Because the hexagram is the combination of an upward pointing male triangle, and a downward pointing female triangle. It's an androgyne. 

Here is the Joker's vandalized circus truck.  The word circus is related to the word circle, due to the shape of the performance area.  Circuses almost always involve animal acts.  A circle of animals is a manner of referring to the zodiac.  Every media use of circus can esoterically relate to the zodiac.  This is a key point.  The zodiac is important due to the precession of the equinox, a grand scale matter of astronomical timing, the shifting of ages (golden, silver, bronze, iron) which is allegorized in many, many places as stories about the end of the world.  We are living in the shifting from the Age of Pisces to the Age of Aquarius.  And think how popular apocalyptic stories are right now.  This harrowing scene starts with a burning fire truck, a pun by the Joker, and another deployment of Fire symbolism associated with him. 

Does this seem like a lot to extrapolate from the graphics on the side of a truck?  This is what esoteric symbolism is all about.  In this case the above is emphasized by the black and white  initiatory patterned tent, and the Ferris wheel, a circle, and one that looks like a sun burst and an eye.  A single eye emitting a black beam or sitting atop a column.  Now that I'm saying it, try not to see that Ferris wheel as a stylized Eye of Sauron.  Return, if you like, to the obscured eye image at the start of the article.  What is alchemy's Great Work?  Turning base metal into gold.  But that's an allegory.  The basis of mythology is astronomy.  It's time keeping.  It's a turning that's a returning, back to the start of the circle, iron into gold.

 

In his last act, the Joker has a failed use of fire involving the two ferries in a Prisoner's Dilemma  scenario, and creates a hoax that Batman uses his enlightened senses to see through involving masking hostages as Clowns and his thugs as Doctors.  As I contend in the Doctoring Art Gotic articles, Doctors are the teachers of the Invisible College.  Batman gets caught in a net (a grid-structure of the visible and invisible, and a symbol of magical authority) prior to the Joker being displayed as Tarot trump twelve, The Hanged Man.  The symbolism of this card is overtly sacrificial, and once again Odinic.  It represents expiation, inversion and realignment.  And what does The Hanged Man predict?  The elevated Batman's Fall, generating a new hoax wherein he takes responsibility for the murders committed by Two-Face, an act of expiation, and the Dark Knight entering into obscurity. 

How interesting that in the Tim Burton Batman movie the Joker also hangs before falling (from a tower, weighed down by a statue of the Devil).  In The Dark Knight the Joker lives but Two-Face dies in a Fall.  Joel Schumacher's Two-Face also dies from a Fall.  The Dark Knight is Ledger's last full role.  He half finished Terry Gilliam's The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus.  He enters that story as a hanged man, where his Joker role left off.  Inverted.

 

The Joker dies, the Joker lives, the Joker dies, the Joker lives.  The subject of this article is a few years gone by now.  This doesn't really make it more comfortable to talk about though.  And, though not nearly as prominently, this matter of the Joker's living and dying and living, and the questions about it all, have become topical again due to an interview comic book writer and so-called chaos-magician Grant Morrison gave to Kevin Smith where Morrison makes a claim regarding what is highly regarded as the best Joker comic book story ever produced, The Killing Joke.  The Killing Joke is by another self-professed comic book writer/magician, Alan Moore and the amazing Brian Bolland.  It involves the Joker shooting and paralyzing Barbara Gordon, who is secretly Batgirl, and photographing her naked, wounded body (and possibly raping her) with the intent of driving Commissioner Gordon insane.  It ends like this:

art by Brian Bolland

With the Batman and the Joker sharing a laugh at a joke as the police arrive.  Some comic readers find this scene, read straight, as touching, though I am not amongst their ranks. Morrison contends that it was Moore's intent to suggest, though not overtly, that Batman kills the Joker.  And I agree.  I always thought this was being suggested.  I mean, look, the light goes out in the last panel.  The line separating the two of them disappears.  Batman proves the Joker is right by breaking his cardinal rule and killing the Joker.  And this was really the Joker's purpose because his existence is a misery.  However, this is fiction.  It is only so much about the author's intent.  There is no inherent truth, which means that both endings are simultaneously true.  And false.  Morrison fully realizes this I'm sure.  Smith might as well.  Note that Morrison has in his recent career killed and resurrected Batman, killed the latest Robin who is the son of Batman and Talia al Ghul, not to mention killed and resurrected Superman as the heart of the sun.  What is death in comics?  It is a symbol system.  It is a motif of exit and entrance.  It is about resurrection.  Always. 

Legerdemain of the Dark Knight III - The Prestige

I would have liked to have been able to write about "The Prestige" without spoiling it for individuals who have not yet seen the film, but to do so would mean dealing with the piece in the most cursory of ways, which wouldn't really do us any good. It's been out for a year and a half now, it's available on DVD for rental or purchase, and they're playing it regularly on Starz, so I figure it's in fair play. But if you haven't seen "The Prestige" yet, stop reading this article and watch it. Watch it Twice.


Of chief interest here is the relationship between "The Prestige", "Batman Begins" and the upcoming "The Dark Knight", envisioning this trio of Nolan/Bale/Caine films as a secret trilogy. When I first viewed "Batman Begins" I thought it was well done, but it was viewing "The Prestige" that made me realize just how sophisticated Nolan's treatment of Batman really was. Likewise, I'm theorizing that "The Prestige" equips us/sets us up for the next act of this presentation.

Part I of this article detailed the components utilized to synthesize the Nolan take on the Batman mythos, while Part II examined the presentation of the film itself, and its application of esoteric symbolism as a work about Mystery Initiation. As we should expect we find this pattern continue into "The Prestige", apparent in the poster above, which uses visual imagery in a manner that succinctly denotes the content of this film. The two magicians, mirror images of one another, positioned in opposition before an initiatory checkerboard pattern presented as a spiral, creating a work of Op Art. This is a very direct and simple statement of intent by the film makers, namely that they are purposefully playing tricks with your eyes. Note that this is a left-turning or downward spiral, an emblem of destruction.

There is a wonderful enigmatic quality to "The Prestige", leaving the final pieces of the puzzle to the viewer to fit into place. Naturally there was some debate over what was depicted in the film. Because, if the secret has been kept, the standard reaction to what we see is stunning, not because of its thematic implications, but because of the unexpected disruption of what we're conditioned to believe are the conventions of genre works. What seems to be a psychological thriller and a period piece, is suddenly resolved as a work of science fiction.

Of course debating the matter resolves absolutely nothing. There is no answer beyond what is presented on the screen. This is because of a simple matter that actually confirms the over riding point of this series of articles. Art is magic, and the execution of a work of art is a magic trick. In the supporting material included with the DVD of "The Prestige", director/co-writer Christopher Nolan states that "The Prestige" is "-about film making". It could not be stated any more plainly then that. With "The Prestige" Nolan is identifying film with illusionistic magic/sleight-of-hand/prestidigitation/legerdemain. Naturally this is an attitude that must extend to his other works, including the films that bookend this movie, "Batman Begins" and "The Dark Knight". Here's the more familiar poster of the film, Bale and Jackman facing away from one another, separated by Johannson as blue smoke.



"Are you watching closely?"

It's the first line of the film, a question asked of the viewer in a voice over by Christian Bale as Alfred Borden. Immediately following Michael Caine's character, John Cutter (a name suggestive of the story of John the Baptist) presents the three steps involved with the presentation, the selling, of an act of illusionistic magic, the Pledge, the Turn and the Prestige as we've already discussed. Further, these three steps work nicely as a reference to a three step initiation process, as the art of stage magic is utilized as a metaphor for Mystery itself (and we could further muse that a story detailing the conflict between two individuals cognizant of a Secret Tradition says essentially the same thing as "Night Watch" in a different way).

As these voice overs take place we're presented with images from throughout the film that is to come, because this is the Pledge, and the magician is showing us the props he's going to use. Predominantly we see Cutter and a young girl to whom he's showing a disappearing Bird trick. The room is full of Birds, canaries in cages. If you've been reading this series on the esoteric Batman, and Inside The Cosmic Cube in general, you know how pertinent I find a film of this nature that opens with Birds. The Secret Language is being spoken, and of course it is in this movie. In "The Prestige" there is an exoteric symbolic association made between Caged Birds , certain characters within the film in specific instances, and in general to the "Man in the box", the figure or item in a magic trick who disappears as compared to that which the audience sees reappear, the subject of the Prestige. Because it is the reappearance, the Prestige, that completes the equation, and allows the full emotional reaction of the viewer to be experienced. This is an artist/audience dynamic shared by legerdemain, theater and film, comic books, and sometimes music, as the process involves an experience through time. Also, we might note, that the Caged Birds further signify the audience itself, as the viewer's sensory experience is completely at the mercy of the presenter. We are Caged, our perspective is locked, and there's nothing we can do about it.



As Cutter presents his trick we see a man (Alfred Borden played by Christian Bale) sneaking backstage at a magic show, removing a Disguise along the way. False identities, alter egos and disguises are as important to "The Prestige" as they are to "Batman Begins". We see a Blind stagehand, a clever way to emphasize the preservation of a Secret as the detail of most fundamental importance, a literal device in the course of the story, and figurative, especially as an image emphasized here at the beginning, during the Pledge. We then follow Borden as he discovers another man (Robert Angier/Hugh Jackman) trapped in a water tank. Both men seemed surprised, but the tank is locked, and Angier drowns.



Note the strange interaction we find at a synchronistic level relating water and caskets between these works, the deadly Water Tank used throughout "The Prestige", the Coffin-shaped Batmobile from "Batman Begins" that enters the Underworld through a Waterfall (racing against the clock to save Rachel Dawes from Drowning in her fear), and even Morgan Freeman, at least thirty years ago, on "The Electric Company" (which is likewise oddly significant to "The Prestige" as you know because you've seen it, right?), playing a Vampire, a Dionysian Bat-Man, in the truly strange act of taking a Bath in a Casket. Is it just me? These symbols together are Birth and Death. Water of course is further symbolic of Rebirth. The combination of Death and Rebirth then emphasizes the Cycle of the process.

Borden is caught backstage on the scene by Cutter, who instantly accuses Borden of orchestrating Angier's death. Borden is tried and, largely on the testimony of Cutter, sentenced for the murder of Robert Angier to death by hanging. We then see Borden in Prison. Note how this parallels the opening sequence of "Batman Begins", both presented out of linear chronology, with characters played by the same actor. Borden, whose prison ID tag is labeled "D 23" for fans of the Law of Fives, meets with a lawyer representing a Lord Caldlow, who is interested in purchasing the condemned illusionist's secrets, specifically offering to provide for Borden's daughter's future in exchange. The lawyer, Owens (played by Roger Rees, who is perhaps most famous for his recurring role on the sitcom "Cheers" as the aristocratic Robin Colcord, and as the Sheriff of Rottingham in Mel Brooks' "Robin Hood: Men In Tights", primarily a parody of "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves" which featured Morgan Freeman) suggests that Borden himself is "-no stranger to the Workhouse", meaning Borden is himself an orphan, another trait he shares with Bruce Wayne, and many other presentations of the Hero's Journey. Note here that just as in "Batman Begins", Bale's character is imprisoned, and in jail offered a bargain he can't refuse.

As a gesture of good faith Owens presents Borden with Angier's journal. This device, of narratives presented from portions of the characters' personal writings, is adopted from the novel the film is based upon by Christopher Priest, which is entirely epistolary. This allows for an unusual but potent storytelling technique for a movie, that the narrative, or portions of the narrative, is unreliable, especially so as Borden and Angier are engaged in their complex, long-term battle of wits, in which a false testimony might be planted in their writings to purposefully mislead their antagonist.

Borden reads Angier's journal, and the narrative follows, now a few years in the past as Angier travels by train to Colorado on a quest, in his own words, "-a cipher, an enigma, a search for answers". Angier is literally on a journey of Enlightenment in the Mountains. Note that Act I of "Batman Begins" likewise introduced imagery of Trains and a Mountain Quest. Angier's destination is Colorado Springs, with a Spring of course being the surfacing point of an Underground Stream. And Angier is in the right place, as the town itself is Illuminated, fully electrified, a quality that was magical in the 1890s. Angier is in Colorado Springs to meet with Nikola Tesla, and Angier must specifically climb up a mountain to meet the real life wizard. At the electrified gate, again an item of magic in this setting and period, Angier meets Tesla's apparently sole assistant, the impish Mr. Alley, played by Andy Serkis. Serkis has played many interesting roles, most notably providing the motion for the computer animated King Kong and Gollum in "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy.



And note how the Gate Keeper, Mr. Alley (an Alley being a way through), is first presented behind an initiatory grid (a magical one at that). Appropriate for his role, he recognizes Angier by his stage name, the Great Danton. Alley states that he saw Danton's act Seven times, and was impressed that Danton could guess every object in the audience's pockets. Interesting that this is the question that Golem could not answer when he and Bilbo played Riddles in the Dark in "The Hobbit", in a maze-like Underworld shared with the Goblin King. "What have I got in my pocket?", asked Bilbo. Golem couldn't guess, but the answer was of course the Ring. Alley denies Angier entrance to Tesla (cast perfectly with David Bowie, the Goblin King of "Labyrinth"). As Angier leaves Alley asks Angier to guess what he's holding. Angier correctly answers that it is Alley's Watch. Time and timing are fundamental to this and all acts of magic.

Back at his hotel Angier reads from Borden's encoded journal, and the narrative shifts back once more, several years this time, to when Borden and Angier were both working as ringers for Milton the Magician during his performances in London at the Orpheum Theater. The Orpheum is a very common and traditional name for a theater, and is of course a reference to of Orpheus, a major Mystery Rite figure with key decapitation symbolism associated with his mythology.

We see Milton performing his top act, the Crystal Water Cage, before a backdrop featuring the image of a Triumphal Arch on the stage backdrop. This is a form seen throughout the film in various places, and an interesting device as a symbol of royalty and triumph in war, and a simple form composed of Twin Columns.



The Twin symbolism is repeated in the stage decoration, which features a pair of water tanks with twin mannequins on either side of the stage, reemphasizing the key nature of the Water Tank trick in Milton's act and to the film in general.

Milton announces the Water Tank trick and calls for volunteers from the audience. The chosen volunteers are of course the ringers, Borden and Angier. Milton's assistant, Judith (Piper Perabo), the woman being placed within the water tank, the actual performer of the trick, is married to Angier. We also see Cutter, at this time Milton's ingénure, in the wings, holding an ax in preparation for something going wrong. Because while this is an illusion there is still inherent danger involved. Borden's job is specifically to tie Judith's hands with a knot she'll be able to slip underwater.



Note the Blue Butterfly Judith wears in her hair for this performance. This is a key indicator of Transformation, and a reference to the story of Psyche. Judith is lowered into the tank, a curtain drops, and Cutter starts a stop watch timing the stunt. The curtain falls to the grounds, and Judith is revealed freed from her bonds and standing beside the tank, the trick a success.

Backstage Cutter, Borden, Angier and Judith discuss Milton and the act, which quickly turns into a philosophical debate between Borden and Angier, specifically regarding dedication and personal sacrifice by the magician for the sake of the act. During this conversation Borden claims to have a trick that can't be topped. Cutter directs the two of them to view the magic show of Chung Ling Soo, and offers the one of them that can determine how Soo pulls off his gold fish bowl trick a meeting with a theater promoter to whom they could pitch an act of their own. It is Borden who is able to see through the mystery, deducing that the feeble, elderly appearance of Chung Ling Soo is a disguise, masking the high level of physicality it would take to pull off his tricks. It is an illusion that Soo must dedicate his entire life to, an alter-ego he must maintain at all times to protect his "secret identity". Borden stresses that maintaining a Secret is the only means to escape solid reality, suggestive that his concept of true magic is transcendence.

This attitude coincides with Borden's working class background, his desire to rise above his station. And this is the key dichotomy presented between Borden and Angier. Following his viewing of Chung Ling Soo we see Angier and Judith, and it is revealed that Robert Angier is itself an assumed name, another secret identity, which he took on in order not to embarrass his family with his theatrical endeavors, suggestive of an upper class background.

Cutter states that Borden also works moving props for a magician named Virgil, and that Cutter hired Borden to steal Virgil's "Orange Trick". Though this trick is never shown or further described its noteworthy that the movie "The Illusionist", the rival 2006 Victorian-era stage magic drama, featured a prominent Orange Trick. We see Virgil perform a disappearing Bird trick, which greatly upsets a young boy in the audience, who believes the bird has been killed. He remains convinced even after the bird is made to reappear. Borden brings the bird to the boy to show him that it is okay, but the boy sees through the trick and asks, "What about his brother?".

This is when Borden meets Sarah (Rebecca Hall), his future wife, the caretaker of the child. Borden calms the boy down by teaching him an act of sleight of hand, a way to make a coin appear to have Two heads, stressing to never let anyone know the Secret, because once you do you're nothing. Later we see Borden removing the carcass of a crushed canary from a hidden panel of Virgil's performance platform. The boy was correct, the disappearing act requires a sacrifice. This is an important statement, demonstrating that the Prestige, the reappearance, can be as much an illusion as the Turn, the disappearance. Virgil's stage set features an Egyptian motif, including a matching pair of pharaoh statues.

Now we see Milton's Crystal Water Cage trick again, but this time it is apparent that Borden ties a knot on Judith's wrists that Cutter was opposed to (though a sleight nod of the head indicates Judith's agreement to Borden's alternate knot). But she's unable to slip it, with her hands bound can't remove herself from the tank, and Judith drowns. At her funeral Borden states that he can't recall which knot he tied, that he's been fighting with himself over the matter, but remains uncertain. This piece of information pushes the already grief stricken Angier over the edge.

One of the consequences of Judith's death on stage is the end of Milton's career. A short time later, after Borden and Sarah have married, we see Borden working small, rowdy venues under the stage name "The Professor", like Doctor, a title that can be utilized in fictional settings to indicate Secret Teachings, as it is the name of an educator of the Invisible (abstract) College. This especially so as this is a stage name only, a false identity. The Professor's top trick is a bullet catch. In Borden's workshop we're introduced to the silent and obscure Mr. Fallon, Borden's Ingénure, and learn that Sarah is pregnant. Borden then demonstrates to Sarah the illusion behind the Bullet Catch trick. The bullet only appears to be placed in the gun, but is actually palmed, the catch entirely mimed. When she expresses disappointment in just how simple it really is, he points out that the trick is still dangerous as the audience member who fires the gun might stick an object or even a real bullet in the gun. In this scene Sarah also states that sometimes Alfred loves her and sometimes he does not, and that she can tell the difference. Note that if the following shot of Borden in his workshop were set in a cave it could be a still from "Batman Begins".



We see a performance of the Bullet Catch by The Professor, but the man chosen from the audience to fire the empty gun is Angier in disguise. He slips a bullet into the gun, points it at Borden and asks him again which knot he tied. Borden still can't answer. Angier fires but Fallon knocks the gun down, the bullet strikes Borden's left hand, ironically he really catches the bullet, and his ring finger and pinky are blown off.

Following this we see Cutter contact Angier, through the strange device of a miniature playing card stuck to the bottom of Angier's glass at a pub. It's hard to rationalize why he makes contact in this unusual manner rather then simply talking to Angier. It is communication through covert symbolism for the sake of covert symbolism. The card Cutter uses appears to be the King of Diamonds, which is also the King of Pentacles or Coins. Pentacles is the suit representing Earth. I find this communicates Cutter's more terrestrial, concrete motivation as compared to Angier and Borden, that of earning money. Cutter wants to get back in the business and needs to work with someone who realizes that the accident with Judith was not Cutter's fault.

The two set forth preparing the act of the Great Danton (a stage name Angier insists upon because it was suggested to him by Judith). They rent a space to use as a workshop, and Cutter hires Olivia (Scarlett Johansson) as Angier's assistant, stressing the important role of a beautiful assistant to act as a Distraction. As Olivia's training is shown we see Cutter place her in a box that would be used to make a magician's assistant disappear. We also see Cutter fitting Angier with a mechanized device to be worn under his clothing that would allow for a non-lethal version of the disappearing Bird trick.



Note the high similarity here to Act II of "Batman Begins" when Alfred and Bruce Wayne set up the Batcave and developed Batman's various devices. It is also interesting how, as seen in the still above, the workshop prominently displays silk flowers, obvious props from the Great Danton's act, that in this instance is suggestive of a False Garden.



Note the Romantic backdrop, columns and arches in ruin, and the Wheel of Fortune on the stage. Difficult to see is Olivia's Rose detailing on her costume and in her hair. Her character is depicted with floral, primarily Rose, emblems throughout the movie. This Disappearing Bird trick, as opposed to Virgil's, involves a Dove held suspended in a cage by two members of the audience. But on the first night of the Great Danton's performance Olivia happens to choose a disguised Borden out of the audience. Angier recognizes Borden too late, Borden springs the collapsible cage, which kills the Dove and breaks fingers of the other audience member. This event causes Angier's booking at the theater to be canceled.

With their top trick spoiled, Cutter sends Angier to a science expo to look for new angles or concepts for the act. Angier attends a lecture of Tesla, where the scientist's dramatic, but not dangerous Tesla coils are shooting electricity throughout the room. The demonstration is canceled due to the perceived, but non-existent danger. We see Tesla's assistant Alley loudly denouncing the cancellation as a part of Thomas Edison's smear campaign against Tesla, introducing the pattern of rivalry as existing between the true wizards as well as the illusionists. Angier sees Borden in the audience and as the hall is cleared out he covertly follows his enemy, witnessing Borden with his young wife and new born child, Jess. Angier sees this as Borden receiving the life that Borden stole from Angier.



Time then moves forward again to Angier's continued efforts to meet with Tesla. Bowie's Tesla is finally introduced, entering dramatically , magically, through a lightning storm of his own generation. Tesla and Angier shake hands, and Tesla demonstrates the human body's ability to act as a conductor, the two of them forming a circuit that lights a bulb, literally an Illuminated handshake, perhaps symbolic of the type of exchange that might take place between strangers who are both cognizant of the same Mysteries.



Tesla warns Angier of the cost of magic, something Angier believes he already knows about, but Tesla agrees to construct a machine for Angier, though it will take time and cost a great deal of money (a factor that is not a concern of the secretly aristocratic Angier). We can note how nicely the figure of Tesla, at this point in his life practically in exile, works as a Promethean character, his role comparable to that of Lucius Fox in "Batman Begins".

While he waits Angier continues to decipher Borden's diary, and we now see the time when Borden revives his career as The Professor, with his top trick now being The Transported Man. The trick involves two cabinets positioned at the far sides of the stage. The Professor bounces a ball, steps into one cabinet, then immediately emerges out of the second cabinet to catch the ball. As we see this act first performed, the introduction by Borden of a higher Secret/magic, we can note the stage decorated with a prominent five-point star.



The general audience for the act is barely responsive to this but Angier is amazed, unable to determine how Borden is pulling off the illusion. Cutter insists that Borden must be using a double, but Angier disagrees. Olivia sides with Angier, noting that both the disappearing and appearing man are wearing a padded glove to hide his missing fingers. The trick is brilliant, but Borden lacks the showmanship to successfully engage the audience with it. Angier decides to steal Borden's trick, but the only way Cutter can conceive of doing so is by hiring a double for the Great Danton.

It is Olivia who locates the drunkard, washed-up actor Gerald Root, a near double of Angier (also played by Jackman, but with enough cosmetic distinction made for the viewer to tell the difference).



When Angier questions whether the constantly inebriated Root can pull off the act, Root demonstrates his ability to mimic the stage manner of the Great Danton, afterwards emphasizing the simplicity of it as in the past he had played such figures as Cesar and Faust.

The Great Danton introduces the act, blatantly called "The New Transported Man", describing to the audience the magic involved being a "technique from the orient" known to certain "Himalayan Holy Men". Angier and Cutter's version of the trick involves two free standing doors. Danton throws his top hat, opens one door, which masks him dropping beneath the stage through a trap door while simultaneously a lift raises Root to appear through the other door in time to catch the hat. The audience loves the act, but the downside is Angier is left under the stage during the Prestige, and does not personally receive the audience's applause. This merely furthers Angier's desire to learn Borden's secret. To this end, despite the success of the act, he sends Olivia to work as Borden's assistant and act as his spy. Olivia is hurt by this callous treatment, but she agrees.

In order to get Borden to trust her, Angier instructs Olivia to tell Borden the truth, which she does, describing how Angier performs the Transported Man (something Borden had already deduced), how Angier was obsessed with learning Borden's secret and sent her as a spy. But she points out to Borden that his act lacks style and he could use her help in selling the trick to the audience. With Olivia's help Borden designs "The Original Transported Man", which now incorporates a dramatic electrical device obviously built by Tesla.



Borden performs this act at the Pantages Theater (which we may suppose was chosen as a name as a reference to Pan. From what I can gather there are only Pantages Theaters in North America, originally founded in the Vaudeville era by Alexander Pantages). Borden's stage is decorated with hieroglyphic-like designs, including a caducial image, twin serpents meeting at the crown of a man's head.

As Borden and Olivia garner success with the improved act, Root suddenly becomes aware of the power he holds over Cutter and Angier, and demands more money. Cutter wants Angier to stop performing the trick before it is too late. Root's awareness, we find out, came from a suggestion from Borden, who was directed to Root by Olivia. One night Angier performs the Transported Man and drops through the trap door, hitting the hard floor as Borden has moved his cushion aside, and Angier breaks his leg in the process. Instead of Root it is Borden (as The Professor) who emerges from the other door. He mocks Danton (even lowering a bound Root from a rope above the stage), and urges the audience to come see the real Transported Man across the street at the Pantages.

Angier confronts Olivia. Olivia states she now believes Borden uses a double for his act, as she's seen wigs and make-up about, but Angier doesn't believe her. She gives Angier Borden's notebook, but it is written in a code requiring a Five letter keyword to decipher it. Olivia admits to Angier that she has fallen in love with Borden, but this doesn't seem to much affect Angier personally. Angier does, however, stage a break-in to Borden's workshop to cover Olivia's part in the notebook disappearing.

Angier and Cutter lure Fallon into a trap, specifically tricking him into climbing up a false staircase that gives way, causing him to fall into an open crate/coffin which Cutter nails shut. Cutter gets shot in the arm in the process. Angier then ransoms Fallon to Borden.



They meet in a cemetery and Angier demands the not just Borden's keyword, but his out-right method. Borden writes down the five letter name "Tesla", stating the Keyword is the Method (a statement of esoteric significance). Demanding Angier produce Fallon, the "disappearing man", Angier directs Borden to a shovel and a recently dug grave. As stated many times, there is no more obvious emblem of Mystery Initiation then a mock death/resurrection. That this occurs at the feet of a flora wreathed maiden positioned before an overgrown crypt door, a Door to the Underworld, making this Nature/Underworld maiden certainly either Persephone or her mother Ceres, might denote this shot as the single most important and revealing of this film.

This then brings Angier to the decision to travel to Colorado to seek out Tesla and employ him to construct a Transporting Machine as Angier now assumes Borden utilizes. Cutter opts out at this point, as he does not share Angier's obsessive passion, growing fearful of the rising stakes. Meanwhile Borden's life seems to be falling apart as his blatant affair with Olivia causes Sarah to grow increasingly depressed. But the source of her depression is not quite so simple, as it stems more from the fact that she has invariably deduced Alfred's Secret. That there is a Secret for her to have to deduce itself is the cause of her sadness. During a confrontation Borden stresses that Secrets are his life, his highest purpose.

In Colorado Tesla's Machine seems not to work. They zap Angier's top hat many times but nothing happens to it, the hat stays put. Angier reaches the end of Borden's diary and finds that Olivia in fact set him up, giving Angier a false diary at Borden's instruction. The Tesla angle is revealed to be a red herring, a trick to send Angier away to America (a long-term journey in the 1890s), making his rival "disappear". Angier now believes that Tesla and Alley have been playing him for a fool, taking his money (as Tesla's conflict with Edison straps his resources) and pretending to build a teleportation machine. Tesla insists he can build the device and tries another demonstration, this time with a living subject, Alley's Cat (certainly a pun). Alley puts up minor protest to this, though we might note the short leash and clip in the transporter subtly suggests this is not the first time the animal has been used in this way. Tesla zaps the cat, but like the hat it doesn't disappear. Angier leaves as Alley releases the cat from its leash. Outside Angier hears the sound of cats fighting, and investigating finds numerous identical top hats on the ground and a pair of identical cats. One might say Tesla here is a mad hatter. Do cats eat bats?



Apparently Tesla's machine does produce magic, but not in the way expected, not transporting an object, but making an exact duplicate at a position a short distance away. Unfortunately, not long after Tesla's lab is destroyed by Edison's men and Tesla and Alley forced to flee Colorado. But Tesla leaves the machine commissioned by Angier in a room at the hotel, encased in a trapazoidal box/pyramid without a capstone, in a ballroom decorated with Rose emblems along the ceiling (Sub Rosa). A note from Tesla urges Angier not to make use of the machine's magic, which Tesla worries can only lead to disaster.

After being gone for two years Angier returns to London with his new machine. He reunites with Cutter (contacting him through the device of the miniature playing card at the bottom of his glass, as stated in Part I, the King of Clubs/King of Wands). Angier wants to reintroduce the act. To preserve his secret (in a move Cutter reads as purely theatrical) Angier hires the blind stagehands, and further refuses Cutter entrance backstage during that portion of the show. Cutter arranges a demonstration of Angier's trick to influential promoter Mr. Ackerman. Angier steps into his machine, a circular cage positioned under wires, and a Tesla Coil in an arrangement I find reminiscent of a simple Tabernacle (or for that matter a Glass Spider). Lightning engulfs Angier and he disappears.

Ackerman is not impressed despite the theatricality of the device, not until Angier reappears beside him on the balcony, many yards and a flight above the point he disappeared from. To this Ackerman delivers what may be the key line of the film, "- it's very rare to see real magic...it's been many years-". He then insists Angier and Cutter disguise it, instructing them to " - give [the audience] enough reason to doubt it". Angier gets booked, and insists the act be limited to 100 shows, performed Five times a week.

It is Borden now who is mystified as the Great Danton's improved trick makes him the most popular theatrical act in London. Borden can tell Angier is falling through a trap door, but can not deduce how he reappears so quickly on the balcony. Fallon observes that behind the theater each night the blind stagehands take out a large crate and load it into a carriage to be transported away.

It is around this time that Sarah succumbs to her depression and hangs herself in Borden's workshop, on beam alongside several Caged Birds. In the aftermath of this sad event Olivia confronts Borden on his lack of emotion towards the death of his wife and the mother of his child. He tries to explain that he loved Sarah half the time and loved Olivia the other half. Olivia states that this was obviously not enough for Sarah and that it isn't enough for her either and she leaves Borden, taunting him as she goes with Angier's recent success and acclaim.

We now return to the scene presented at the film's beginning. The Great Danton prepares to perform the Transported Man while Borden in disguise sneaks back stage. Angier drops through the trap door into the water tank, rigged to close and lock. Angier drowns before Borden's eyes, but it is apparent now that Borden had nothing to do with it. Borden even tries to break the glass to save Angier but it is too late. Cutter catches him and Borden is arrested. At the morgue Cutter identifies Angier's body.

Then in his cell, Borden reaches the end of Angier's diary, which blatantly boasts of Angier winning, framing Borden to rot for Angier's murder. Borden then goes to say goodbye to Jess before his execution, accompanied by her new guardian Lord Caldlow. Despite what he read in Angier's diary Borden is shocked to discover Lord Caldlow is in fact Robert Angier.



Or rather Robert Angier is really Lord Caldlow and always was. Note the devilish styling to Caldlow as he visits Borden in jail (remembering again how Bruce Wayne met Ra's al Ghul in jail). The name itself is indicative, Lord Called-Low. Shocked now that Angier would resort to this level, involving Jess, he hands him the description of his version of the Transported Man in desperate hopes of appeasing him, but Caldlow rips the papers up insisting no matter how Borden did it, his version's Secret was even better. He leaves with Jess as Borden swears he will escape and have revenge, and promises Jess he'll return to her.

Cutter was left in charge of dealing with Angier's possessions, most of which were purchased by Lord Caldlow. He tries to secure the Tesla machine for himself, but can't, and so bargains with Caldlow's lawyer (Owens) to deliver the items to Caldlow's estate personally so he can warn him not to use the machine. Cutter is shocked when he sees that Caldlow is Angier, and disgusted when Angier shows no remorse for framing Borden for murder. He further recognizes Jess as Borden's daughter.

Borden's last visitor is Fallon, and they part with Borden telling Fallon to live life for both of them. Cutter delivers the machine to Caldlow's warehouse. The machine is lowered into storage with ropes in scenes intermixed with Borden being hanged. His last word is Abracadabra. As Borden is executed, Fallon steps out of the shadows at the warehouse and shoots Angier in the chest. It is then shown that the shooter is actually Borden, and Cutter has assisted him in settling with Angier.

Angier now realizes that Cutter was right all along, and Borden performed the Transported Man by using a double, his perfect double, his Twin brother. Alfred Borden was a shared identity of Albert and Frederick Borden, taking turns being Borden and Fallon, keeping the Secret even from Sarah and Olivia. They took this to such a degree that when Angier shot the fingers off of one brother, the other severed his fingers as well.

And now we are shown the extremes Angier went to to win the rivalry. Tesla's machine really worked, really created duplicates. Not just a copy, but a duplication as real as the original, mind, body and soul, truly indistinguishable, in the case of a human being like Angier complete with full memory. Every time Angier used Tesla's machine a duplicate was generated. This necessitated Angier orchestrating a manner of removing the duplicates, so the Water Tanks were placed under the trap door, the man who disappeared each time drown, and the one who reappeared went on living the life of Robert Angier. To preform this real magic Angier must then must commit suicide, sacrificing himself every time.

Borden details the insane lengths that Angier went to, and states it was all for nothing. Angier replies that Borden never understood what the purpose of performing magic was to begin with. That the audience knew they were being tricked, that the world is really simple, miserable and solid, but that if you could fool them, even for a second, you could give them a moment to wonder. Angier states that seeing this occur with an audience, seeing the look on their faces, was something very special, the purpose of the magic. Angier then dies and as he does his leg kicks over a lantern which sets his warehouse on fire. Albert with Jess, he's her true father (it is Frederick who hanged and interestingly Frederick who was buried alive earlier in the film).

Angier's final speech reveals a couple of points. Ultimately, both Angier and Borden share a materialist world view, stressing the solidity of the world as a negative quality, something to be escaped. The Bordens underlying purpose was escaping their poverty-stricken background, not merely financially, but as a matter of status and personal quality. To this end they were brilliant at seeing and devising the mechanism of masterful illusions, means to escape. Angier/Caldlow came from an aristocratic background, he had no financial need to perform as a magician, but he did so under an assumed identity, indicating a desire to connect with the common man his rarefied world kept him separated from. His sense of showmanship and charisma made him a highly successful performer, though his act was always dependent on the devices of other men.

If you're still with me then I thank you for indulging my obsessions. We aren't quite finished. I mentioned "The Illusionist", which was on a surface level a very similar film also released in 2006, just months prior to "The Prestige". This happens from time to time, doesn't it, two movies with very similar topics released in short succession? And I think we always assume this phenomena is due to some matter of studio rivalry, and likely it is. But it also works to emphasize the underlying concepts. It is natural, and common, for "The Illusionist" and "The Prestige" to be compared, and inform one another. But "The Illusionist" is not the film I find most startling in this equation, but rather another movie from 2006 involving stage magic and several other pertinent details, and likewise starring Hugh Jackman and Scarlet Johansson, the Woody Allen comedy "Scoop".



Now, this is more or less a light comedy without much in the way of sinister tones, but we can note the use of the Aleister Crowley designed Thoth Tarot deck. I promise not to present this movie scene for scene, but the plot of this film involves Scarlet Johansson's character Sondra Pransky, an American journalism student studying in London, who attends a performance by the Great Splendini, really Sid Waterman, played by Woody Allen. She's chosen from the audience to be the subject of a Disappearing woman act. While she's in the Box she is contacted by the spirit of recently deceased journalist Joe Strombel ("Deadwood's" Ian McShane). While being ferried across the River Styx to the Afterlife/Underworld Joe speaks to a woman who believes she was murdered by her employer, Lord Peter Lyman (Hugh Jackman), whom she suspects is a serial killer known as the Tarot Card Killer. This is the scoop of a lifetime, so Joe jumps off the Barge of the Dead in order to find a living journalist.

Noteworthy is the use of Drowning as plot device throughout the film. Sondra and Sidney are Americans in London with Jackman as an aristocrat. In "The Prestige" Jackman is an aristocrat pretending to be an American in London. "Scoop" further involves all the principle characters taking on alternate identities. With one small bit of translation, the Joker is himself a Tarot Card Killer. It is hard to see "Scoop" and "The Prestige" as anything but inter-referential, either purposefully on more amazingly on a synchronistic level. That Allen is quite a Joker.

And as stated what dark synchronicity as the magic channeled for "Batman Begins" and "The Dark Knight" bleeds into the real world, with tragic consequences resulting from obsessive pursuit of craft and perhaps manipulation of forces more dangerous then can be imagined, as depicted in "The Prestige". When a deal is made with the devil the price is always too high.

Legerdemain of the Dark Knight II - The Turn

As "Batman Begins" is described as an attempt to revitalize the franchise, the story centers on the Batman origin, the process of how young Bruce Wayne is transformed into a seemingly super natural force of justice. Invariably super hero origin stories are about a process of initiation. It is at its core the Hero's Journey after all. Nolan and Company revel in this structure, and we find esoteric symbolism supporting the theme at practically every Turn.

There are many places we might expect a gothic, high fantasy melodrama to open. It is unexpected maybe that "Batman Begins" starts in a Garden. Unexpected but fully appropriate. This is the childhood garden of Bruce Wayne and Rachel Dawes. The sequence is brief, the children run through the garden in innocent abandon, stopping at a Green House. The Green House symbol works on many levels. A Green House is a Temple of the Sun, its function emphasizes the process of growth and development. And there's the pun of its name, the Green House, a locale for Green Language speakers. If we think about the nature of a green house to produce growth through solar enlightenment, and keep in mind its glass walls, we can easily see how it can work as an emblem of the Invisible College, especially placed subtly as a starting point for a character that is fundamentally Dionysian in nature. Related to this is the significance of the Garden as a starting point in a story following the model of Persephone.

Also noteworthy here is the arrowhead the children are play-fighting over. It is the symbol of a hunter or warrior. You are likely at least casually familiar with the concepts underlying "Zen and the Art of Archery", a philosophical model of development and perfecting that is strongly played in this treatment of the Batman origin. A chipped slate arrowhead further denotes the fundamental metaphorical concept of the core, the soul, which can be perfected through a process of concentrated refinement, chipping away. Archery as an esoteric device is then able to be utilized as a stand in for Art and Alchemy, all concepts denoted by the symbolism of Temperance, Tarot Trump XIV. Temperance is associated with the zodiacal sign Sagittarius. Remembering that Batman is the King of Wands, and that Wands represent the element of Fire, Sagittarius is not only a Fire sign, but Fire as used in the act of Forging.

But we are quickly shown that this Garden is a Secret Garden, a garden of the mind, a childhood memory of perfect happiness just preceding Bruce Wayne's introduction to fear. Bruce runs off with the Arrowhead, and stands upon the unstable cover of an old well, the wood gives way and Bruce falls. At the very outset of the story Bruce Wayne moves from idealized garden to subterranean cavern, a Fall, and one that takes place via a Well. Bruce is holding the Arrowhead when he experiences this entering into the Otherworld, made pivotal here to his development. Bruce's fall awakens a colony of bats living in the caves, and he's traumatized as they swarm past him. This childhood experience awakens and surrounds Bruce with Dark (Occult/Hidden) Omens, and he's fundamentally transformed.

An adult Bruce Wayne is now shown in a Chinese prison camp, a locale soon identified as Hell by one of the inmates. The inmate also identifies himself as the Devil, but this is a false claim, quickly dispelled by Wayne as he fights off six to seven men. Bruce is then placed in solitary confinement for the safety of the other prisoners. This shift in time emphasizes the infernal nature of Bruce's Fall down the Well, and the nature of the place it took him to.

Wayne then meets Henri Ducard (Neeson), a representative of Ra's al Ghul's League of Shadows, a secret society of vigilantes. We learn through this conversation that Wayne is self-exiled, he has placed himself in Hell as part of the process of his refinement, the anthropological study of the criminal mind. It's suggested he could leave at any time. The semi-divine Dionysus can enter and exit the Underworld at will. Ducard offers Wayne a more direct path to the achievement of Wayne's personal mission, an offer to apply for membership in the League of Shadows (essentially a synonym for Secret Society/Mystery Cult/Occult Order). Ducard talks about the process of deliberately crafting a legend. Ducard, secretly Ra's al Ghul, the Demon's Head, is the true Devil of course. Bruce Wayne meets him in Hell. Ducard offers him a bargain and Bruce Wayne accepts.

And this is overtly an initiation story as Ducard directs Bruce to locate a rare Blue flower.  Of course finding a rare blue flower is seemingly effortless for the young vegetable god. Note how the flower emblem echoes the opening Garden scene.



Kind of poppy-esque. After locating the flower Wayne must then climb Himalayan Mountains, a directive given by "Everest" narrator Neeson. Not only must he climb mountains, Bruce must also locate the monastery-like headquarters of the League of Shadows, a common element conferring a Shambhala metaphor. It's worth noting that all of this Orientalism is quite in step with the Romantic, Baroque, Gothic, Expressionist underpinnings of the Batman mythos.



Bruce Wayne presents the blue flower to Ducard and the false Ra's al Ghul. This reinforces the repeating, multi-leveled symbolism of false doubles and alter-egos. Having passed the first stage of his initiation, Bruce's training by Ducard commences. It is a violent process, described as Bruce learning to face his fear in order to be able to manipulate the fears of others. Noting the allegorical use of violence in the super hero fantasy genre, we can always take interest in training of esoteric arts, martial and otherwise. Amongst the martial arts techniques identified by Ducard are the Dionysian symbols "Tiger'" and "Panther".

The exploration of Bruce Wayne's fears returns the story to his childhood, and his Fall down the Well. His father pulls him out and feeds him character-building advice on dealing with negative circumstances, words that become defining lessons for the soon to be orphaned Bruce Wayne.



Thomas Wayne tells Bruce that, "We fall so we can learn to pick ourselves up", and that "All creatures feel fear", "Especially the scary ones". Thomas Wayne then shows Bruce a Pearl necklace he's bought for Bruce's mother, Martha. Noting that the Pearl is a goddess emblem, easily associated to Aphrodite, we can also take interest in the fact that the term "Baroque" derives from a term for imperfect Pearls (and Teeth). While the term may have been applied in a derogatory manner originally, we can delight in the evolution of its connotation, as a term now referring to the beauty of the irregular.



The most fateful night of Bruce Wayne's life is then presented, as he and his parents travel by Elevated Train to a night at the opera. The Train is a major emblem of being Ferried or Guided. An elevated Train then connotes a lifted or heightened teaching. This is emphasized on a story level as Thomas Wayne identifies the mass transit system as his philanthropic act for the city, establishing Thomas Wayne as the benefactor of Gotham City, one of many points where Bruce Wayne and Gotham City are eluded to being one and the same. The hub of the Train system is Wayne Tower (topped by a pyramid), described as the Center of Gotham City. Thomas Wayne, however, does not work at Wayne Enterprises. As a humanitarian, he had a calling to medicine, and works at the hospital. Thomas Wayne is a Hospitaller. Note the Deco/Gothic arches supporting Wayne's Train. Note too the Trident-like treatment of the "W" icon of Wayne Enterprises.

The family attends the opera, almost certainly a production of "Faust", but Bruce's recent trauma causes him to experience a phobic reaction to Bat-costumed performers hanging by ropes from the ceiling. He asks his father if they can leave, and they do, but this by happenstance causes them to be mugged by Joe Chill. Bruce's irrational fear, via coincidence, leads to the murder of his parents.



A highly religious scene, composed like a Baroque painting. Like most treatments of the Batman origin, emphasis is placed on the symbolic item of Martha Wayne's broken Pearl necklace. In the aftermath of his parents' murder young Bruce Wayne first meets James Gordon, and has significant interactions with Alfred and Rutger Hauer's character Mr. Earle. "Batman Begins" explicitly is about the shaping of Batman/Bruce Wayne via his various good and evil father-figures, Thomas Wayne, Alfred, Jim Gordon, Mr. Earle, Carmine Falcone, Ducard/Ra's al Ghul, and Lucius Fox.

Fear turns into guilt in the development of Batman's fundamental purpose. Time shifts forward again to Bruce's training with Ducard, where Bruce states that his anger outweighs his guilt. Bruce's training continues with emphasis on the art of becoming invisible through patience and agility, the use of theatricality and deception (the generation of a hoax), and the channeling of will into action.



The duel on the frozen lake can be read in a number of ways, foremost of which I think is the continuation of the Luciferian symbolism associated with Ducard/Ra's. In "Dante's Inferno" the lowest level of Hell, the fourth zone of the ninth circle, is Judecca, reserved for traitors, frozen in ice. This is especially apt given the "multiple faces" of Ducard/Ra's. We can take interest in the reversal of directions at play here, the mountain climb as ascent to Hell.

We can see the symbol play involved in this continued "Fall" of Bruce Wayne as an active choice he makes, continuing the Faustian connotations, as the film flashes back again to the time prior to Bruce's self-imposed exile in the Orient. We learn he Dropped out of Princeton, demonstrating that his Fall is now a Jump, trying to move away from the aristocratic reality he was born to (but an inevitable aspect of his character that he eventually returns to). He even expresses his desire to have the mansion torn down.

In this sequence Bruce has returned to Gotham City to attend the parole hearing of Joe Chill, the man who murdered his parents. It includes his reunion with Rachel Dawes, who became an assistant to Gotham City District Attorney Carl Finch. Finch and Dawes are working to secure Chill's release as he spent time as a cell mate of Gotham crime lord Carmine Falcone, learning information, he agreed to testify against Falcone. The emphasis here on characters with Bird names is significant, indicating this work is speaking to us in the Language of the Birds, as we should fully expect from Batman, who is secretly a Bird-Man.

There is a palpable strain between the philosophical viewpoints of Bruce Wayne, angered and haunted by his personal loss, and his childhood friend Rachel, who represents at this moment the idealized intent of the justice system. In fact the emphasis placed by the filmmakers on the Bruce Wayne/Rachel Dawes relationship takes on new clarity if one considers Dawes as an allegorical representative of Justice. But Bruce at this time is focused on his personal crimes, and he attends Chill's hearing armed with a hand gun, prepared to avenge his parents despite the consequences of the action on himself. This becomes unnecessary as an assassin working for Falcone kills Chill immediately following the trial, preventing Chill from testifying. The fact that Falcone could get an agent close enough to Chill to do this further demonstrates the corruption of Gotham City, emblemized by Falcone.

Leaving the scene Bruce and Rachel debate the difference between justice and revenge. Bruce declares that the system is broken, and that the city is rotten. Rachel contends that the corruption represented by Falcone is generating dozens of criminals like Joe Chill every day, urging Bruce to switch his perspective from the micro to the macroscopic. He confesses to Rachel his plan to murder Chill himself, which infuriates and disgusts her. This leads to Bruce tossing his pistol into the river (visually establishing the loose Batman convention of not using firearms) and going to confront Falcone. The conversation between Wayne and Falcone is another key point of character development as Bruce Wayne is made to realize that his personal experience is a symptom of the larger disease of Gotham City, represented by Falcone. Bruce Wayne is Gotham City. Keeping to the movie's themes, Falcone stresses that his power is achieved through fear, stating "You always fear what you can't understand", a concept that feeds into Wayne's later construction of his theatrical persona, his symbol crafting.

Following this Bruce Wayne sets off on his journey to the East, renouncing his worldly goods and learning the criminal mindset (though it is stressed that he never truly becomes a proper criminal himself, as the goods he's arrested in China for stealing are the property of Wayne Enterprises). The film then returns to Bruce Wayne's League of Shadow training. Ducard uses a mortar and pestle (a symbol of witch craft/alchemy/the occult) to produce a powerful, fear-centered hallucinogen out of the initiatory blue flower (a property more or less shared by the blue flowers in Philip K. Dick's "A Scanner Darkly").

Ducard has Bruce inhale smoke from the blue flower, inhaling his fear. This is a clear demonstration of initiation by intoxication. This leads to a trippy ninja-fight exercise and Ducard presenting Bruce with a box containing his "worst fear", following the Pandora model. During this sequence Ducard delivers important concepts to the synthesis of the Batman figure, telling Bruce that, "To conquer fear you must become fear", to "Bask in the fear of other men.", that "Men fear most what they can not see", and that "Terror is the power to distort and control". Even more important is Ducard's instruction that Bruce become "-a terrible thought", "a wraith", "-an idea".



Bruce is then presented with the final level of his initiation, to become not just a member of the League of Shadows, but a field general, perhaps because Bruce Wayne/Batman is fundamentally an aristocrat, an aspect of his persona that he can not erase, a point made repeatedly through the movie, particularly by super-ego Alfred. But Bruce's final initiation is the execution of a criminal, something he refuses to do.

It is at this point that Bruce is made cognizant of the League of Shadows' plan to alter society by tearing down Gotham City. The most important function of the League of Shadows is described as inducing Change through calculated acts of destruction, crafting and perpetuating Hoaxes and False Flag actions. This is compared to the Fall of Rome. This becomes a pertinent statement by the filmmakers if we keep in mind that Gotham City, like Superman's Metropolis, is New York City, barely veiled and utilized as representative of larger American culture and society. Bruce Wayne, inherently connected to Gotham City, they are one and the same, recognizes that Gotham is rotten and needs transformation, but his mission is to Rescue the city, not tear it down or sacrifice it for some higher effect.



Now in opposition to the League, the conflict naturally becomes violent. Bruce Wayne engages in a duel with the false Ra's al Ghul, in the process setting the League of Shadows compound on fire, a symbolic device I'm sure we can all read easily. As the complex collapses around them the false Ra's is killed, but Bruce Wayne manages to rescue his personal mentor Ducard and escape the building before it explodes. He then saves Ducard again, stopping him from Falling off an icy cliff.



His training complete, and his ties to the League of Shadows now severed, Ra's al Ghul apparently destroyed, Bruce Wayne now decides to return to Gotham City, summoning Alfred to pick him up and bring him home. Because he can enter and exit the Underworld at Will. Alfred, clearly the conscious/super-ego/Jimminy Cricket of Batman in this telling, is significant here as the Wayne private jet pilots Bruce Wayne towards his mission to save Gotham City. Bruce and Alfred discuss how Thomas Wayne was a crusader against poverty. Bruce is following in his father's footsteps, but fighting different demons, corruption and depravity, the malicious feeding off the innocent, a Light and Dark struggle (Baroque) of Zoroastrian duality, a model of reality only available in allegories. Discussing the means of how he plans to fight his personal war, Bruce states "-people need dramatic examples to shake them out of apathy", and that as a symbol he can be incorruptible, showing his adoption of Ducard's lessons about crafting an idea or metaphor, perpetuating a hoax in order to effect social change. He furthers that this persona must be elemental and terrifying to be functional. We can take interest here in the emphasis placed on symbol crafting. The punning nature of an argotic symbol system often describes its own process.

We also learn here that Bruce Wayne has been declared legally dead (by Mr. Earle), as he has been missing for Seven years. The number seven connotes a complete time cycle (i.e. the days of the week, the Act of Creation), based on the geocentric planetary model. The resurrection motif is very easy to read here as Bruce Wayne is literally returning to Life after a full time-cycle in the Underworld. This is solar symbolism that is fully in step with the concept of Batman as Dionysus.

The typifying flash-back device of Nolan movies ends now as the story enters the present with a primarily linear narrative. We're introduced to Murphy's Dr. Jonathan Crane, testifying to the insanity of a Falcone hitman, resulting in the convict being sent to the Gotham City mental institution Arkham Asylum rather then going to prison. Batman fans might appreciate the inclusion of the fairly obscure Batman rogue Mr.Zsasz here. This is described as the third employee of Falcone that Crane has done this for, a situation that disturbs assistant DA Rachel Dawes, who accuses Crane of corruption. Note again the character name of Crane, said to be taken from Ichabod Crane from Washington Irving's "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow". The term "Gotham City" as a nickname for New York also originated with Washington Irving.

Back at the mansion, we see the "Batman Begins" version of the bat omen portion of the Batman origin. In this case the presence of the bat in the mansion is not a freak event, but a regular occurrence according to Alfred, and Bruce and the viewers know this is due to bat infested cave complex at the bottom of the well. The bat inspires Bruce, who has learned to conquer his fears, to climb down the Well (using ropes, his Descent and Ascent to and from the Underworld now controlled). Bruce pushes through the small opening (a clear rebirthing symbol) at the bottom of the Well from where the swarm of bats emerged years ago, and finds himself in a large cave complex with prominent Underground Stream. He lights a Torch, awakening the bat colony. His figure is lost amongst their swarm, but he is still, serene, meditative.



Returning from the dead at Wayne Enterprises, Bruce has a meeting with Freeman's character Lucius Fox (another import from the comic books, created by writer Len Wein, who also came up with Wolverine for Marvel comics). Lucius means Light, and having already noted that Mr. Fox shares a name with Batman inspirational figure Senior Zorro, we can see his Promethean nature in action as he allows Bruce Wayne to experiment with various high tech devices created by Wayne Enterprises for military application, including grappling equipment and light battle armor. Note that Lucius, a former Wayne Enterprises board member, has been exiled to the basement of the Tower and the archival department for dead projects. This not only presents a Promethean model, Fox is being punished for remaining loyal to the vision of Thomas Wayne, so by concern for the common people by proxy. As the source for Batman's gadgetry, we can further see a connotation of the Olympian craftsman god Hephaestus, another mythological entity associated with the productive application of fire, punished for his defiance with a Fall.



Bruce Wayne and Alfred now begin the process of creating the Batcave, demonstrated by the two bringing illumination to the subterranean complex. They also discuss plans for covertly importing the various components they will use to create Batman's costume and equipment. While this takes place Bruce Wayne is also surveying the situation in Gotham City. We're reintroduced to Oldman's Jim Gordon, one of the few honest cops on the Gotham City police force. His partner Arnold Flass is shown to be blatantly on the take from Falcone. Bruce, in ninja-like pre-Batman garb, contacts Gordon to recruit his assistance for his mission. Chased by the police, Bruce barely manages to escape, falling but catching himself on a fire escape.

In response to this close call he returns to Fox asking for lightweight fabrics for use in base jumping. Fox has "memory cloth", a substance that can be shaped using electrical currents. This provides a rational for the cape. At this point Fox also shows Bruce the "Tumbler", a high tech military vehicle designed to jump chasms and build Bridges during warfare. This of course becomes the Batmobile (never described as such).



Note the highly Casket like appearance of the Batmobile, the operation of which even necessitates lying in a prone position to fire missiles. An additional scene with Alfred in the Batcave finds the two finishing their crafting process. Bruce forges a bat shaped shuriken, reminiscent of the chipped arrowhead from the movie's opening scene, symbolizing his purposeful refinement into a living weapon.



Batman's first mission involves disrupting a major drug shipment by Falcone, with crooked cop Flass on scene. The drugs are smuggled inside Rabbit dolls, which I think is safe to assume is an Alice reference. Batman subdues Falcone (delivering the "I'm Batman!" line). The unconscious Falcone, self presented earlier as untouchable, is strapped to a spot light to produce the first Bat-Signal, as a message to the city of Gotham's new order. The signal light is easy to see as an emblem of Illumination, especially so presented in this context. Batman then saves Rachel from some Falcone thugs sent to shut her up, in the Subway, as always combining Train/Pilot and Underground symbolism. Batman provides Rachel with evidence he's gathered incriminating Falcone, and several corrupt members of the police force and the city government.



And the evening ends with a dramatic shot of Batman standing atop a spire, looking down on Gotham City, a shot utilized as one of the film's posters. Batman here is visually made one with the architecture of the city, he and Gotham are one of the same. Appropriately he is presented as a Column.



The imprisoned Falcone gets a consultation with Dr. Crane. Falcone states his awareness of Crane's experimentations with his patients, and threatens the security of their mutual employer's operation in Gotham, angling for a bigger payoff. Crane's response to this is to show Falcone his mask.



The important symbolic figure of the Scarecrow, found in so many fantasy works, is yet another representation of Dionysus, as shown in the Masopust celebrations, Czechoslovakia's Mardi Gras Carnivale. The Scarecrow, as the sacrificial, effigy form of the agricultural Dionysus, speaks easily to the many other solar-agricultural resurrection gods. Further there is the inherent relationship between Scarecrows and Crows. Scarecrow gases Falcone with his fear toxin, rapidly driving the mobster into a state of deep madness. This fear/intoxication attribute has been an aspect of the Batman Scarecrow character since the early Silver Age (the villain having appeared a hand full of times during the Golden Age without any such substance).

Batman captures and interrogates the crooked cop Flass and learns from him that there was something else hidden in the drug shipments, and that it was being sent to a building in the Narrows, a slum area of Gotham City, on an island, separate from the rest of the city, also the location of Arkham Asylum. Batman goes to investigate, and is on scene when Crane and his goons arrive to destroy the holding place. This is Batman's first encounter with a villain, appropriately a fellow Dionysus resonator, emphasizing the alter-ego symbolism. Underlining his initiatory nature the Scarecrow gasses/intoxicates Batman, and then sets him on fire. Batman, hallucinating wildly from the fear toxin, manages to escape, dose the flames and summon Alfred before becoming insensate.

He comes to two days later in his room at Wayne Manor. It is coincidentally Bruce Wayne's birthday, allowing for a minor resurrection reference, as he rises from near death on the day of his birth. Alfred had summoned Mr. Fox, who alchemically produced an antidote to the fear compound. Bruce recognizes the effects of the Scarecrow's toxin as being the same as that of the Blue flower used by the League of Shadows. Rachel visits the mansion to wish Bruce a happy birthday. Her gift to Bruce is returning the arrowhead.

At Wayne Enterprises Lucius Fox and Mr. Earle have a conversation about a top secret device stolen from the company that emits high frequency microwaves in order to vaporize water supplies or emit chemical agents into the air (the stolen device introduced earlier in the film, and the discovery of which led to the murder of Rachel's DA boss Finch). Earle then fires Fox for knowing too much information.

Rachel goes to Arkham to observe Falcone and confront Dr. Crane on the convenience of Falcone's sudden insanity plea. Falcone is insensate, able only to mutter "Scarecrow". Crane explains this as Falcone externalizing his inner conflicts onto symbolic forms, Jungian archetypes. Crane then leads Rachel to the basement of Arkham, revealing the operation to lace the Gotham water supply with the fear toxin. Rachel tries to escape, but can't operate the Elevator, and she's gassed by the Scarecrow with a heavy dose of the toxin. Batman arrives, a turn of events that seems to excite Crane. He has one of his men notify the police of Batman's presence at Arkham. In their second struggle Batman overpowers Crane and doses him with his own toxin.



And then interrogates him. In his drug induced state Crane sees Batman as a cthonic demon with a viscous, black fluid dripping from his mouth. Crane tells Batman that he works for Ra's al Ghul, whom Batman believed to be dead. This is all the information Batman can get out of him however as Crane's mind fully snaps (the Scarecrow loses his brain). The police arrive and surround the Asylum. Batman removes Rachel from the basement.



Afraid of Batman, the police wait for SWAT backup before entering the building. Jim Gordon runs in alone. Batman has his ally Gordon covertly carry Rachel out and instructs him to meet him in an alley nearby. He fills Gordon into Crane's operation to drug the city water supply. Batman then uses a hypersonic emitter to summon a bat colony to help cover his escape.

Outside he retrieves Rachel from Gordon and loads her into the Batmobile. The police closely pursue. At one point Batman drives up a spiral parking garage and then drives (flies) across the rooftops of Gotham City. As Rachel's sanity hangs in the balance he is extremely ruthless in avoiding the police. He manages to shake pursuit, and takes Rachel to the Batcave, entering through a hidden entrance behind a waterfall, a very clear Water Door to the Underground/Other World.



Batman gives Rachel the antidote and she awakens in the Batcave long enough (Batman casually informs her that he sedated her and she'll wake up at her home) for him to instruct her to take the two remaining doses to Gordon. He instructs Alfred to take Rachel home and switches to Bruce Wayne for a large birthday party being held for him at the mansion. At the party he meets up with Fox, who tells him about the stolen microwave emitter. Bruce sends Fox to Wayne Tower to generate more antidote.

He's then introduced by a guest to a Mr. Ra's al Ghul, another fake. But Henri Ducard is also present and Bruce now realizes that Ducard was Ra's all along. Naturally Ducard has also deduced that Bruce Wayne and Batman are one and the same. Recognizing the danger posed to the guests at his party Bruce play acts as a drunken cad, kicking everyone out. Ra's , in super villain fashion, describes his plot to Bruce, informing him that the fear toxin from the Blue flowers has been laced into the water supply, and will be vaporized by the microwave emitter, plunging the residents into terrified insanity, unleashing an "apocalypse of fear" on the city. He further suggests the ancient lineage of the League of Shadows, stating they have always been present to guide the course of society, maintaining balance by destroying corrupt cities, using "purging fire" to catalyze a "move back to harmony". The economic depression present in Gotham City during Bruce's childhood, the situation that resulted in the murder of Thomas and Martha Wayne and led to the high crime and corruption plaguing the city, is also identified as being orchestrated by the League. Ra's men then set the mansion on fire, as revenge for Bruce burning down the League of Shadows complex. Bruce is overpowered by Ra's men and becomes trapped under a collapsed, burning beam.

The League releases the inmates of Arkham Asylum, so the police move the majority of their men to the Narrows to round them up. Rachel revives and rushes to the Narrows, delivering the antidote to Gordon, but she becomes trapped on the island when the commissioner orders the bridges connecting the Narrows to the rest of Gotham raised. Ra's switches on the microwave emitter and the people in the Narrows go berserk.

Alfred rescues Bruce again and rushes him to the Batcave as Wayne Manor collapses behind them. He suits up as Batman and rushes to the Narrows. Rachel encounters Scarecrow, riding on a black horse (presumably liberated from a mounted riot police officer), presenting the Scarecrow as a kind of Sand Man riding a Night Mare (emphasized by the young boy Rachel is protecting who in his drug induced state sees the horse breathing fire).



Rachel tazes Scarecrow, who gallops away shrieking like the Wicked Witch of the West, suggesting the reversal of this familiar figure, emphasized by his own use of fire. Rachel and the boy are then cornered by a group of Arkham inmates, including Mr. Zsasz, but they're rescued by Batman. He reveals his identity to Rachel, and then glides off to stop Ra's. The poisoned people below are depicted as seeing Batman flying over as a fire eyed demon. The hallucinatory device is here used to show Batman's synthesis, his metaphorical incarnation of fear, to be complete.

Ra's plan is to use the Gotham City elevated train system to transport the microwave emitter through the city, to the main hub of the city's water supply, of course beneath Wayne Tower, which will set off a chain reaction, vaporizing the laced water supply, spreading the madness now gripping the Narrows to the entire city. Despite the sombre, artsy trappings of the film we find here a very typical Batman-style villain's plot, a crisis on a clock, the mechanism of a closed system working with the logic of a Rube Goldberg device. After being mobbed by maddened citizens, Batman uses his Batrope to snag the speeding train, and he's dragged behind it as it races towards doomsday. If this were a hand of Tarot Major Arcana cards we'd have the Devil, the Chariot, the Hanged Man and the Tower.

Of course Batman gets on the train and of course it comes down to a final confrontation between him and Ra's, as the clock ticks away. Gordon races the train in the Batmobile, reaches a location directed to him by Batman and uses the Tumbler's missiles to shoot out the train supports, just in time. Note that the Everyman here really saves the day. The theatrical Batman is the distraction in this maneuver. As the train crashes Batman leaves Ra's to die, gliding away with his cape. Ra's goes down with the train, closing his eyes the moment before his death serenely, like a Jedi Master (which he is). No one familiar with the character of Ra's al Ghul can possibly view this as an actual death. Ra's al Ghul never dies. Resurrection is the primary storytelling motif of the character, notably present but not stressed in this production. Note the fiery aversion of the crisis, brought about by the collapsing of the Bridge, severing the connection to the Otherworld/Underworld, and forcing the Luciferian Ra's into a Fall. Lightning is prevented from striking the Tower.

This Fall is then echoed on another level as the next day, bright and sunny, it is revealed that Bruce Wayne retook control of Wayne Enterprises by buying up the majority share of the stock. Mr. Fox takes over and fires Mr. Earle. At the ruins of the mansion, Bruce Wayne boards up the Well he fell into years earlier, repeating the symbol of closing the Underworld. Rachel comes by and they kiss, as she now recognizes that he shares her mission to bring Justice through Order. But she closes the possibility of a romance for the time being, as she now recognizes that Bruce Wayne is the mask worn by Batman and not the other way around. Bruce Wayne is dead, and Gotham needs Batman.

With Alfred then Bruce announces his plan to rebuild the mansion brick for brick. Alfred suggests "improving the foundation", referring to the entrance from the mansion to the Batcave. Justice has instructed Batman to continue his mission, and the Underworld is immediately discussed as being reopened, with the passageway controlled, improved upon.



The movie then doesn't really end. It closes with Gordon debuting the proper Batsignal, the Illumination device. Their conversation is a recognition that things are going to get worse now, as Gordon worries about a kind of psychopathic arms race in response to Batman's theatrics. As an example he shows Batman the calling card of a new murderer, of course the joker card, overtly reminiscent of the Fool. Batman states he'll look into it. We can note that the act of Looking shapes the Batman character, and Seeing is key to his abilities, he Detects, he Unveils. He's a Hoax busting Hoaxes. But Everyman Gordon foresees that Batman might be channeling dark forces that are beyond control. For Batman to operate the door to the Underworld has to be open, that's where he lives, but when that door is open other things get out. Batman is the Initiator of this inevitable formula.